Oil and process of making same.



Patented. June 13, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM N. BLAKEMAN, JR, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

OIL AND PROCESS OF MAKING SAME.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 792,113, dated June 13,1905.

Application filed August 18, 1904:. Serial No. 221,201.

To It whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM N. BLAKEMAN, Jr., a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of the borough of Manhattan, in the city, county,and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Oil and Process ofMaking the Same, which invention is fully set forth in the followingspecification.

The object of this invention is to produce an oil which may be used asan economical "and quick-drying vehicle for pigments and for otherpurposes in the arts; and the invention consists in the use of an oilwhich has been elaidinized by being subjected to the action of an oxidor oxygen acid of nitrogen, as hereinafter described and claimed.

In carrying out my invention I first elaidinize an oil or fat bysubjecting it to the action of an oxid of nitrogen, and for this purposeany of the oxids of nitrogen, including the oxygen acids, may be usedeither separately or in mixture. I prefer to use either the protoxid,the trioxid, also known as nitrous acid and nitrous-acid anhydrid, orthe red fumes of fuming nitric acid, also known as red nitric acid.

Selecting linseed-oil as the oil to be elaidinized, 1 subject it in atall column to the action of the red fumes of fuming nitric acid untilsaturation is reached, washing thoroughly, if necessary. I thenincorporate about one or two per cent. of this fully-elaidinized oilwith commercial linseed, cotton, or other oil which it is desired to useas a vehicle, adding, if desired, another drying-oil to the mixture.This mixture will form a satisfactory vehicle for all pigments hydratedand anhydrous and will improve their spreading and drying properties.

In elaidinizing the oil the fumes of the nitric acid may act in somecases with so much energy as to cause immediate flocks, and I have foundthat this can be largely prevented and a more even reaction obtained byfirst partially elaidinizing the oil by subjecting it to the action ofnitrous-acid anhydrid until a perceptible deepening of color is apparentand then completing the elaidinizing by subjecting the oil to the redfumes of fuming nitric acid.

A more satisfactory result will be produced if the oil vehicle withwhich the fully-elaidinized oil is incorporated is itself partiallyelaidinized before the incorporation is made. Thus, for example, I takea portion of cottonoil and submit it in a tall column to the action ofnitrous-acid anhydrid in fine bubbles until the oil is partiallyelaidinized, as shown by a slight deepening of color. I then submitanother portion of cotton-oil to the red fumes of fuming nitric aciduntil saturation is reached. By combining ten per cent. of thefully-elaidinized cotton-oil with seventy-five per cent. of thepartially-elaidinized cottonoil and adding fifteen percent. of adryingoil-say, tung-oila very economical and satisfactory vehicle willbe formed for all anhydrous pigments.

Instead of or in addition to partially elaidinizing the cotton-oil itmay be oxidized by heating on ten or fifteen per cent. of manganeseblack oxid to 260 or 280 Fahrenheit, and then the fully-elaidinizedcotton-oil and the tung-oil may be added with the same ultimate effects.In fact, any of the oils employed in carrying out my invention may,ifitbe found advisable, be first oxidized and then elaidinized, or viceversa, the object of the prelimi nary step being to make the oil moresusceptible to the succeeding reaction and to produce in the finalproduct a more energetic compound. An oil vehicle thus treated by beingboth oxidized and partly elaidinized may be used itself as a vehicle forpaints without the addition of any other oil, but will be found slow indrying compared with the vehicle previously described.

Any of the drying fatty oils, the non-drying fatty oils, or the rosinoils may be treated with an oxid of nitrogen in carrying out myinvention. I have so treated olive, castor, cotton, sunflower, ben orsesame, linseed, tung, and rosin oils, and by the use of the termselaidinize, elaidinized, and elaidinizing in this specification and inthe claims I intend to include the process (and its resulting product)of treating any of the substances named with an oxid of nitrogen.

Any of the fatty oils mentioned may be used as vehicles; but cotton,sunflower, and

Lil

corn oils will be found the most economical, 1 pound or mixture of anon-drying fatty oil,

and if it be desired to add a drying-oil to the compound either rawlinseed-oil, boiled linseed-oil, or tung or Chinese wood oil may beused. A commercial liquid drier or other drier may also be added, ifdesired.

The elaidinizing of the oil may be carried out in any manner dictated bypractice, and heat, pressure, and agitation may be employed at any stageof the process, if found.

necessary.

An oil treated according to my invention will be found an economical,satisfactory, and quick-drying vehicle for all pigments in paintcompounds and a tough and elastic bond for all fibrous and comminutedmaterial. I do not, however, herein claim such paint compound, the samebeing claimed in another application filed herewith bearing the SerialNo. 221,202.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim- 1. As a newcomposition of matter, a compound or mixture of an oil, an elaidinizedoil and a drying-oil.

2. As a new composition of matter, a compound or mixture of fatty oil,an elaidinized oil, and a drying-oil.

3. As a new composition of matter, a compound or mixture of a non-dryingfatty oil, an elaidinized oil and a drying-oil.

4. A compound or mixture of an elaidinized oil and tung-oil.

5. A compound or mixture of an elaidinizcd fatty oil and tung-oil.

6. As a new composition of matter, a compound or mixture of anelaidinized non-dryin fatty oil and tung-oil.

A. As a new composition of matter, a compound or mixture of a non-dryingfatty oil, an elaidinized oil, and tung-oil.

8. As a new composition of matter, a compound or mixture of a non-dryingfatty oil, an elaidinized non-drying fatty oil, and tung-oil.

9. As a new composition of matter, a compound or mixture of apartly-elaidinized nondryingfatty oil, a fully-elaidinized non-dryingfatty oil, and tung-oil.

10. A compound or mixture of a partiallyelaidinized non-drying fattyoil, and a fullyelaidinizcd non-drying fatty oil.

11. A compound or mixture of a partiallyelaidinized nondrying fatty oil;a fully-elaidinized non-drying fatty oil; and a drying-oil.

12. As a new composition of matter, an oil oxidized and elaidinized asdescribed.

13. As a new composition of matter, a compound or mixture of an oxidizedand elaidinized oil and another oil.

1 1. As a new composition of matter, a nondrying fatty oil oxidized andelaidinized as described.

15. As a new composition of matter, a comoxidized and elaidinized, andanother oil.

16. As a new composition of matter, a compound or mixture of elaidinizedcotton-oil and a drying-oil.

17. As a new composition of matter, a compound or mixture of elaidinizedcotton-oil and tung-oil.

18. As a new composition of matter, a compound or mixture of elaidinizedcotton-oil, another oil, and tung-oil.

19. The process herein described, which consists in first elaidinizing anol'i-drying fatty oil and then incorporating the same with adrying-oil.

20. The process herein described, which consists in first subjecting anon-drying oil to the action of an oxid of nitrogen, and thenincorporating the product with a drying-oil.

21. The process herein described which consists in first elaidinizing anoil, and then incorporating it with another oil and a dryingoil.

22. The process herein described which consists in first elaidinizing anoil, then incorporating it with another oil and tung-oil.

23. The process herein described which consists in first elaidinizing anon-drying fatty oil and then mixing the same with tung-oil.

24. The process herein described which consists in partly elaidinizing anon-drying fatty oil, fully elaidinizing a non-drying fatty oil, andthen mixing said oils with a drying-oil.

25. The process herein described which consists in elaidinizingcotton-oil and then mixing the same with a drying-oil.

26. The process herein described which consists in elaidinizingcotton-oil and then mixing the same with tung-oil.

27. The process herein described,which consists in elaidinizingcotton-oil and then mixing the same with tung-oil and another oil.

28. The process herein described, which consists in first oxidizing andelaidinizing an oil, and then incorporating the same with another oil.

29. The process herein described, which consists in first oxidizing andelaidinizing a nondrying fatty oil, and then incorporating the same withanother oil.

30. The process herein described, which consists in oxidizing an oil andsubjecting it to the action of an oxid of nitrogen, and thenincorporating the same with another oil.

31. The process herein described, which consists in oxidizing anon-drying fatty oil and subjecting it to the action of an oxid ofnitrogen, and then incorporating the same with an other oil.

W M. N. BLAKEMAN, JR.

Witnesses:

FRANoIs P. REILLY, MABEL O. FAHNESTOCK.

I O O IIO

